Short Cross coinage, Penny, class Ib, Oxford, Ricard, ricard · on · oxen

Lot 143 from the Sale June 11th 2014.Image supplied by kind courtesy of Dix Noonan Webb.

December meeting

The theme was Egypt and Sudan. Members brought a selection of coins, mainly from Egypt. these ranged from the copper tetradrachms of the Roman period when that area was the bread basket of the Empire, to the medieval period and more recent issues. Many of these coins must have been brought home by soldiers who had served abroad. there was also a good display of more recent items and the large copper coins issued in Omdurman by the Mahdi.  

It being nearly Christmas, as is traditional in our society, members enjoyed some silver coloured rarities. These unofficial issues are often seen at this time of the year. 

                                                 Charles I and his Oxford Crown

Image © Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford.

and used by kind permission 

Charles I established his headquarters in Oxford during the English Civil War. His mint was here with him from 1643 to 1646.

The crown gives us a view of Oxford at the time of Charles I. A detailed picture of a city like this is without parallel on English coinage. In the foreground is the city wall and moat. On the left is Magdalen Tower. The two central spires belong to All Saints Church (reconstructed since the time of Charles I, and now Lincoln College library) and the University Church of St. Mary on the High Street.

ONS Winter  Programme 2016/2017

this is the slightly revised program  

10^th December          Egypt and the Sudan

The Mad Mahdi and all that

14^th January              Turkey and Asia Minor 

            Before during and after the Ottoman Empire

18^th February                        Bulgaria and the Balkans

            The history of these less well known places

18^th March                 USA

            The colonial history to the mighty dollar

15^th April                    Mint marks

            Why have mint marks? Romans to now.

13^th May                     Random exotic countries never been to but would like to visit

            Money no object .

17^th June                   The British Commonwealth

            Why did colonies have their own coins and not just use British issues?

15^th July                     Ecclesiastical coinages

Coins issued by Bishops, Archbishops, Popes, communion tokens, and tokens for Church of England bazaars.

Arnold Mallinson –  a Previous President

Arnold Mallinson (1896–1985) was the author Quinquagesimo Anno (1974) and The Leaning Tower (1982). The second book was reissued in 1986 in a new, enlarged edition, and with a new title – Under the Blue Hood.

Arnold Mallinson was born in Lancashire in 1896. He went to school in Blackpool, served in the Navy in the First World War, and then attended the universities of Durham and Oxford. He was ordained in 1924, and after beginning his ministry in Blackpool, soon returned to Oxford, where from 1933 to 1976 he was Vicar of St Frideswide’s, Osney (with, from 1950, St Margaret’s, Binsey), and where he now lives in retirement in the latest of a series of Glenburn Houses. ‘Like all truly interesting men, the Vicar of St Frideswide’s has the rare gift of detecting and imparting what is interesting in others. And what a richness of experience he conveys!’ (Oxford Diocesan Magazine).

Revd Mallinson was our Society’s president, but sadly he passed away before I joined. Some of our current members remember him well as a great encourager of collectors, with a house more like a museum than a vicarage and many a story to tell. Recently I looked at the Spinks’ sale catalogue which covers his collection and was sold in 1984. There are just over 170 lots and the sale raised just under £330,000.00.

It is an eclectic collection ranging from Ancient times to medieval. I was interested that his collection reduced in size so he could acquire rarities. And what rarities he got! A tetradrachm of Naxos with Dionysus, extremely fine with a long pedigree. An oxford Pound coin 1644 described as “probably the finest thing in English coins.” A gold triple unite which surprisingly only went for £1700.00. A pavilion d’or found in the roof of a French cottage and bought from a Parisian jeweller. I think my favourite is a 1659 Commonwealth halfcrown, the only known specimen, a gift from Sir Cuthbert Cartwright Grundy whose family had acquired it in the Seventeenth Century.  Sold for £4,200.00.

His books are very entertaining for coin collectors everywhere and can still be found on Amazon or Ebay quite reasonably. I wish I had met him. The auction included an Elizabeth I crown with the comment, “The former owner grieved when he had to part with this. So do I.” At least someone else is enjoying it now.

Horses on coins

November’s meeting was on the subject of horses on coins. Horses do not appear often on Roman coins but they are to be found pulling bigas (the two horse chariot) or the quadriga with four. this series was later copied in 20th Century Italy. The horse are well represented on Celtic coins who worshiped Epona, the god horse god. Ancient Indian coins often show mounted rulers as does a rare copper coin from Norman Sicily

here is an illustration of some coins with horses. we start with a Seventeenth Century token from Hatfield Hertfordshire which Robert Barnard used for his George and Dragon inn. 

Next a copper jeton of Charles V as Duke of Austria and Burgundy.

We meet George and his Dragon again on a penny token from Upper Canada in 1854. then a silver check or medal from Doncaster Races dated in 1800. there are other pieces with D & G on them. Perhaps it was a betting firm. then back to George again on a 1935 silver crown to celebrate the Jubilee.

Staying with George but moving a few thousand miles east to Russia with a 1761 copper kopeck of Elizabeth. 

our last two coins are from Germany. A two thirds thaler of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel 1789 and then a 12 marien-groschen of Brunswick-Luneburg 168

Surprisingly no-one brought a coin with the reverse of one and the obverse of another to a talk on horses. (A mule!)

our next meeting theme is Egypt

Eagles on coins

This month's meeting featured eagles on coins.

The Eagle has always been a symbol of empire and authority from the ancient Greeks and Romans to modern times, via central Europe and America. 

Members brought coins from Roman Antioch and Egypt. Most Roman coins with an eagle were from the eastern Empire. Both France and Germany were well represented as well as some from America.

Both Napoleon and the Prussian Kaisers borrowed the eagle as did America. Mexican coins have an eagle on a cactus which relates to an Aztec myth about its foundation. 

As far as we can tell there are no British coins with eagles, apart from the Manx coins with the eagle and child emblem of the Stanleys, Lords of Man. 

Can you think of other examples? 

Some more Oxford Medallions  -thanks to Charles Riley

Radley College Oxford
Richards prize medal 1858 Wyon

1899 Oxford Gymnasium Medallion

                                                         What a Racket!

this is an interesting and very historic token. Tennis was an illegal game at one point but has been played in Oxford since the Sixteenth Century. there were a number of courts, often situated at the rear of public houses. 

Thomas Wood working under Jane Hallam’s licence obtained in 1647 a licence ‘to hang out the sign of the Salutation in St. Martin’s parish.’ In 1651 he obtained from Katherine Edwards a lease of a tenement (No. 104, High Street) in St. Mary’s parish, to­gether with a licence to sell wine. This house belonged to Oriel College and behind it and No. 105, High Street, lay a tennis-court (now lecture-rooms of the college)

Obv: Thomas Wood; tennis racquet in centre; Rev: *VINTNER-IN-OXON.1652/W T M.

images by kind permission of Ashmolean Museum 

HCR6521 Farthing (quarter penny) token of the tennis court keeper Thomas Wood, Oxford 1652 © Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford.

information from various sources and 

17th and 18th Century Wine-Bottles of Oxford Taverns - Oxoniensia

oxoniensia.org/vol%206/Leeds.doc

by ET LEEDS - ‎

Some Oxford Medallions

    The Radcliffe Infirmary Hospital (circa 1900). The diameter is 27x35mm.

                                 Trinity College rowing prize medal (1868) silver

                                           All Souls' Quincentenary 1938 silver

Martyrs' Memorial 1843 bronze

                                Oxford Cathedral medal c.1845 silvered bronze

                                        Pitt Rivers 'I was here' medal (1885) bronze

Oxford County Lunatic Asylum nursing medal c.1880 silver

                                     City of Oxford School prize medal c.1930 silver

All images courtesy of Charles Riley

 www.charlesriley.co.uk

Some Oxford Tokens.

 In the Seventeenth Century local traders issued copper tokens for their customers. Collecting tokens is a fascinating way of learning about the history of Oxford.

Seventy people are recorded as having issued trade tokens in Oxford during the period, the highest number for any provincial town after Norwich and Exeter. In 1652 the City Council spent £20 on farthing tokens. £20 would have paid for approximately 100,000. However, the Council was unable to maintain its monopoly and tokens were immediately issued by local tradesmen.

These images are all from a member’s collection.

                                 Oxon 129 Thomas Combes   Neare the East Gate

                                  Oxon 125 John Bowell Mercer 1657 Sugar Loaf

Sugar was a luxury item in the Seventeenth Century. Someone tried to bribe a judge in nearly Aylesbury with a gift of some sugar. Trying to sweeten him!

           

                                      Oxford City token the Mayor of Oxford 1652

Can you see the small mintmark? The “R” stands for Rawlins who was the engraver.

DAVID RAMAGE was the Chief Engraver at the Tower Mint in the time of Charles I, who was beheaded in 1649. Cromwell annulled his prerogative, but I note that Ramage produced trial designs for some of Oliver's milled silver coinage. However, I think that the final contract went to a Dutchman. Ramage was responsible for the design and production of most of the Token coinage from 1652 until 1662, when he died. Charles II declared the token coinage illegal in 1675. Only a small proportion of the tokens issued by Ramage bear the letter "R".

Some Oxford Counterstamps








Images Courtesy of Dix Noonan Webb 

                                                         Tales from the Junk Box

Many of us started out looking through dealers’ rummage tins, junk box – call them what you like. I found a 1700 William III farthing at a coin fair. Nothing surprising about that except the inscription was RRITANNIA instead of BRITANNIA. It is quite a rare variety and not bad for 10 pence. I have also got rare early American tokens, the ones that look like common worn Eighteenth Century English issues but are America. I had two from the same box, a week apart.

It always pays to have a good look in the junk box. You never know what you will find. But how much is fair? Junk box items seem to be £2 to £3 or even £5 now. A great way to start coin collecting .. and not a bad way to keep on! 

ONS  Programme 2016/2017

August                       no meeting

           

17^th September         trip to Museum of Oxford

Meet at the main entrance at 10.45 am

Museum of Oxford, Oxford Town Hall, St Aldate's,Oxford, OX1 1BX

15^th October              The Eagle on coins and the AGM

            Agenda

1.            President’s report on the year’s activities of the society.

2.            Election of Officers

President

Secretary

12^th November          Ecclesiastical coinages

Coins issued by Bishops, Archbishops, Popes, communion tokens, and tokens for Church of England bazars.

10^th December          Egypt and the Sudan

The Mad Mahdi and all that

14^th January              Turkey and Asia Minor 

            Before during and after the Ottoman Empire

18^th February                        Bulgaria and the Balkans

            The history of these less well known places

18^th March                 USA

            The colonial history to the mighty dollar

15^th April                    Mint marks

            Why have mint marks? Romans to now.

13^th May                     Random exotic countries never been to but would like to visit

            Money no object .

17^th June                   The British Commonwealth

            Why did colonies have their own coins and not just use British issues?

15^th July                     The Horse on coins